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The IFC Series B module consists of eight single-end inputs and its voltage ranges between 1 and 5 Volts and 0 and 10 Volts for direct current while current ranges between 4 and 20 mA and 0 and 20 mA. The IFC Series B Module updates its 8 channels within a period of 8 milliseconds including a twelve bits plus sign resolution. The IFC Series B Module incurs a typical signal delay of 34 milliseconds when it is powered on or off in the AC state, and one of 14 milliseconds when it is powered on or off in the DC state and 20 milliseconds when it is off in the DC state.
In order to merge analog signals with PLC data table values by using the block transferring program, the IFC Series B Module requires up to bits of resolution to properly accomplish the task. For proper installation, keying bands are used; they are positioned between pins 6 to 8 and 22 to 24 for left connector and between pins 4 to 6 and 32 to 34 for the right connector. It has optoelectrical isolation to protect the IFC Series B module system circuits from electrical transients and its electrical noise is reduced by the input filtering features.
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This website is not sanctioned or approved by any manufacturer or tradename listed. Published online Oct Author information Article notes Copyright and License information Disclaimer. Ross Ka-Kit Leung, Email: moc. Corresponding author. Received Aug 6; Accepted Oct 1. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material.
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This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Intrauterine adhesion is a major cause of menstrual irregularities, infertility, and recurrent pregnancy losses and the progress towards its amelioration and therapy is slow and unsatisfactory.
Statement of Significance Problem or issue What is already known What this paper adds IUA causes severe gynecological disorders, but the prevention strategies and treatments have been unsatisfactory and improvements are limited.
Current knowledge on IUA pathogenesis was mostly derived from tissue studies without considering the multicellular structures and their orchestration in the endometrial tissue and in-depth mechanistic investigations. Development of stem cell—related therapies is limited. Molecules and signaling pathways associated with cell plasticity were also listed. Stem cell—related therapies were proved to be effective in animal and clinical studies. Analyses of uterine cell heterogeneity and cellular expression profile indicate that the previous research methods on IUA pathogenesis may miss important details.
Analysis of cell-cell interaction suggested that injured endometrial cells may communicate with other cells via endothelial system and fibroblasts could be the first few to respond and finally lead to fibrosis.
The repairing effects of stem cell—derived vesicles are worth exploration and the list of candidates are summarized in this review. Open in a separate window. Introduction Intrauterine adhesion IUA is a gynecological disease characterized by partial or full adhesion of the anterior and posterior walls of the uterine cavity after endometrial injury.
Mainstream methodology for the current research in IUA pathogenesis. Table 1 Summary of previous work on IUA pathogenesis. Uterine Cell Heterogeneity Ignoring the complex tissue structure of the uterus and the distinct roles that different cell types may play in the pathogenesis of IUA can invalidate the comparison between the normal uterine and IUA tissues to study the pathology and mechanisms.
Insufficient Cell Plasticity Model for IUA Pathogenesis IUA is the consequence of endometrial fibrosis, so understandings towards the molecular mechanisms of fibrosis in other tissues are informative. Table 2 Molecules and signaling pathways associated with differentiation and transdifferentiation. Cell-Cell Interaction in Uterus Since IUA is mainly the result of fibrotic lesions of endometrial injury, we assessed the interactions between various types of cells in the uterus.
Hypothesized transdifferentiation of pericytes and endothelial cells to fibroblasts. Stem Cell—Derived Extracellular Vesicle Therapy Feasibility and Advantages Extracellular vesicles are a heterogeneous group of membrane-structured particles derived from cells, including exosomes and microvesicles. Research Progress and Limitations There was only one case study of stem cell—derived EV therapy for IUA, in which enriched EVs from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell culture medium were injected into the right uterine horn of IUA model rats [ 95 ].
Conclusions and Discussion Routine prevention strategies and treatments for IUA were unsatisfactory and reported efficacy from different studies varies. Compliance with Ethical Standards Conflict of Interest All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Ethics Approval This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors. Informed Consent This article does not contain any studies with human participants performed by any of the authors. References 1. Dreisler E, Kjer JJ. Int J Women's Health. Intrauterine adhesions: an updated appraisal.
Fertil Steril. Role of endometrial suppression on the frequency of intrauterine adhesions after resectoscopic surgery. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. Hysteroscopic appearance of the endometrial cavity following thermal balloon endometrial ablation. Asherman J. Amenorrhoea traumatica atretica. J Obs Gynaecol Br Emp. Effects of aspirin and intrauterine balloon on endometrial repair and reproductive prognosis in patients with severe intrauterine adhesion: A prospective cohort study.
Biomed Res Int. Molecular and cellular pathogenesis of endometriosis. Curr Women s Heal Rev. Livebirth after uterus transplantation. Livebirth after uterus transplantation from a deceased donor in a recipient with uterine infertility. Lancet London, England ; — Livebirth after robotic-assisted live donor uterus transplantation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand.
Bioengineered uterine tissue supports pregnancy in a rat model. Size and spatial orientation of uterine tissue transplants on the peritoneum crucially determine the growth and cyst formation of endometriosis-like lesions in mice. Hum Reprod. Anti-adhesion barrier gels following operative hysteroscopy for treating female infertility: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Gynecol Surg. Intrauterine adhesion prevention after hysteroscopy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. Efficacy of estrogen therapy in patients with intrauterine adhesions: systematic review. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. Efficacy of intrauterine device in the treatment of intrauterine adhesions. Khan Z, Goldberg JM. Therapeutic options and drug delivery strategies for the prevention of intrauterine adhesions.
J Control Release. Ozumba B, Ezegwui H. Intrauterine adhesions in an African population. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. Knopman J, Copperman AB. J Reprod Med. Arch Gynecol Obstet. Pressure lavage under ultrasound guidance: a new approach for outpatient treatment of intrauterine adhesions.
Hysteroscopic management of uterine synechiae: a series of observations. Antifibrotic effects of decellularized and lyophilized human amniotic membrane transplant on the formation of intrauterine adhesion.
Exp Clin Transplant. Mol Med Rep. Int J Mol Med. PLoS One. The expression of marker for endometrial stem cell and fibrosis was increased in intrauterine adhesious. Int J Clin Exp Pathol. Designated trademarks, brand names and brands appearing herein are the property of their respective owners.
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The copying, redistribution, use or publication by you of any such Content, is strictly prohibited. Your use of our Website and Services does not grant you any ownership rights to our Content. A Global Supplier of Industrial Electronics. Quick Quote Fast Response Call for even faster help. Name Email Address. Part Numbers to Quote. Ordinal: IIII. Found with: L The date is widely spread.
I have at times called this the "Liberace head," to continue with the musical references; sometimes the head looks like Napoleon Bonaparte. The 9 of 17 93 is closer to the 3 than to 7. Found with: L6. Kleeberg 94A. Found with: L7, Ll8. Group VIII. Orclinal of Charles III. The 9 of is closer to the 5 than to the 7. The rwo srops either side of the ordinal are very close to the Roman numeral. The I in is fat, and gets fatter rowards irs bortom.
The foot of the 9 is also fat. Very large head-tire most distinct bust type in the series. Elvis turns up everi,. My name for this die has not met with universal :rpproval.
It would be a public service if some phrenologically-lit- erate-EAC type would n. The passage fi. Bosco ,lot Ordinal of Charles IiI, who had been dead for nine years. The middle I is higher than the orher nvo in the III. Found with: M4. Ordinal IIII. The D of DEI is low. The lower ribbon points at O. Often unevenly struck up. Found with: L1. Group V 97C. The lower ribbon points at R.
S is higher than the ordinal. Found with: Ll. Ordinal of Charles III, who had been deac'l for ren years. Found with: L3, M6. The Beerhoven head. The first I of the ordinal is low. J'he 1s in the date are backward. Found with: M7. Ordinal of Charles the third, who had been clead f,rr thirteen year:s by Found with: P1. The right par:t of the 4 in the date is heavy. Both planchets I saw were porous cupronickel.
Ordinal of Charles II. Stops between all the words. Curly tailed R, and the top of the U is joined. The final I of the ordinal is high.
Found with: P5. Group IV Crude, with the letters made by hand, not by punches. The D is alittle higher than the rest of DEI. The tops of the 8s and the 0 are open. Large stops. The final I of the ordinal llII is lower than the others.
Found with: Kleeberg Nueva Granada Colombia. The letters are cut by l-rand, not punched in. Found with: P4. Found with: Ll6. Found with: MB. Charles III's ordinal, who had been dead for almost thirty years in 18l7. The bust has a large, round nose, and an open mouth. There is a large space between the bust and the date.
The D of DEI is large. Found with: M9. Issued in the name of Charles III, who had been dead for near- ly thirty years. Wide date. The second 1 of is closer to the B than to the 7. Croup VII. Issuedin the name of Charles III, who had been dead for thirry years. The top of the U is not joined, and the tail of R is fairiy straight. Handcut letters; very crude bust. Found with: P3. The letters are made with punches. The D of DEI appears to touch the hair. Found wnh Reverse Descriptions Ll.
The D of IND is thick. The X touches the base of the pillar. The stop between D and R nearly touches both letters; it is closer to D. The foot of the lion in the upper right shield touches the cen- ter oval. The Lima mintmark is expressed as a ligature MF. The inscription concludes MF. Found wrthA,,97C. Croup V. REX is crammed below the base of the left pillar; one result is that the stop between IND and REX exists only as a tiny pim- ple, even on well struck, well preserved examples.
The tail of the R in REX is curly. Found with: B9A. This die is distinguished from L2 because the base of the left pil- lar juts between RE and X. The stop between I and J the assay- ers' initials is very misshapen.
Kleeberg depending on your point of view to allow sPace to ptlt the E in. Found with: B9A, 9BA. The left pillar points berween the two feet of the X of REX. Stops berween all the words. A small dot is often visible on toP of the final S.
Found with: B7B. Grotrp IV. Assayers IJ. The base of the E of ET nearly touches the right pil- lar. The top of the E of ET is higher than the T. Often not fully struck up. Found withA. The R is close to the top of the left pillar. Found with: 94A. This is easy to identify by the retrograde inscription: LR. Found with: B1A. The top of the 2 is a closed loop.
Thefleurs-de-lis in the center oval lean left. Found with: BBB. Hanclcut letters. Fourrd with: Lerters crudely cur by hand.
The E of ET nearly touches the right piliar. The D in IND is large. The'l' of ET touches thc right pillar. For-rnd with: 04A. Found with: 92A. Handcut lerters. The stops are very large. Assayers TH, which are incorrect for Lima they are assayers in Mexico. Found with: 95A. The E of ET nearly touches the base of the right pillar.
Found with: I 1A. The rop of the D of IND is mis- shapen. The E of E'f is slightly lower than the T. Large and prominent denticles. Assayers JP The J of jp appears to touch the top of the left pillar. Found with: I Assayers JP. Backwards N. The R of REX is higher than the rest of the word. Very similar to Ll. On Ll, the inscription concludes MF. Group V Ml. The I of IND is missing the serif on its upper left or lower right, depending on how you prefer to read the legend.
The D of iND is punched in backwards. No pomegrarlare. The E of ET is a roral mess, possibly fi-om double-punching. Found with: 7BA, 91C. Found with: 87A. Group IlI. The diesinker has remembered to include the mintmark, but uses a pellet above M for Mexico instead of an o. The assayers are F. Found with: B7A, 9lA. Group Ill. This M2 in ornitting the rni,t mark. It rnay be reverse resembles distinguished th,s: rhe assayer'. Found with: 97A. Found withB. This die, like M2 and M4, lacks the mintmark.
It may be dis- tinguished from M2 by its use of the curly tailed R, and from M4 because the M of the assayers' initials MF does nor touch the ribbon; the M in M4 nearly touches the ribbon. ET is diagnostic, if you are lucky enough to have an example that shows it. The mintmark is HE, which indicates rhar the counterfeiter could not tell Mdxico :rnd Lima aparr-another argument in favor of U. The denominarion is given as R, but there is no 2. Found with: 0lA. The Rs are joined at rhe bottom so they look iike Bs.
Found with: 16A. Assayers RM. There is a backwards J right after REX. The E of ET is lower than the T.
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